Mediation Effect of Tqm Technical Factors In Excellence Management Sys

Questions: Exploration each term utilizing the DWC Virtual Library and sources from the suggested readings. Clarify how each term is utilized by administrative bookkeepers in the business condition. Give a model in your own words for every definition. Answers: Definitions and Examples: 1) Activity-Based Costing Movement Based Costing is considered as the approach of costing, which helps in perceiving the exercises of the association and apportioned explicit expense for every one of the exercises. Model: Figure 1: Example of Activity-based Costing (Source: Zhang, Hoque Isa, 2015) 2) Balanced Scorecard The parity score card is related with the administration and vital arranging framework, which is widely utilized in the business or business government, particularly, in the non-benefit association. Model: A portion of the elements are related in introducing the instances of Balance Scorecard. These components are Finance, learning and development, inward business procedure, and client. 3) Certified Management Accountant Affirmed Management Accountant is an assignment given to a particular individual who exhibits the absorptions of blended ability and budgetary bookkeeping to increase the value of the vital administration process. Model: The ensured bookkeeper who helps in the dynamic procedure with respect to the money related parts of the association. 4) Continuous Improvement The consistent improvement is considered as a progressing procedure for improving the procedure, items, or administrations of an association. Model The persistent improvement can be two sorts, for example, gradual improvement and advancement improvement. 5) Cost-Benefit Analysis The money saving advantage examination is a procedure embraced for investigating the business choices. Model The money saving advantage examination procedure can be related in time of undertaking the applicable cost related activities to increase the value of the business benefit. 6) Cost Drivers Cost drivers is considered as a factor that contributes the costs of business activities. Model: Figure 2: Examples of Cost Drivers and Variability (Source: Rothaermel, 2015) 7) Cost of Goods Manufactured The term alludes to the costs that are should have been contributed while assembling of the merchandise or administrations. Model The costs associated with the assembling procedure are determining the expenses of work, crude materials, conveyance charges, bundling, and apparatus costs. 8) Cost of Goods Sold Machine gear-pieces is encouraging the immediate selling of the merchandise by an association. Model Figure 3: Example of COGS (Source: Fan Liu, 2015) 9) Direct Costs The immediate expenses are alluding the costs associated with the costs of materials, work charges, and different procedure of the creation house. Model The immediate work charge, commissions of the materials, fabricating supplies, and piece rate compensation are the immediate expenses. 10) Direct Labor The work related in the upkeep, regulatory, and other help divisions are named as Direct Labor Model Individuals who are producing the nourishments or benefits and keeping up the exercises of the associations are considered as the immediate work of an association. 11) Fixed Costs The steady and fixed costs engaged with the companys creation are considered as the fixed expenses Model Models are the rents, credit installments, and protection premium. 12) Indirect Costs The costs that are not straightforwardly appended to the bookkeeping factors for any venture or action are named as roundabout Costs. Model Expenses of the undertaking, capacities, office or items 13) Indirect Labor Roundabout works are determining the went through hours on a specific movement or undertaking, which has not been followed beforehand. Model Buying staff, Production Supervisor 14) Just-in-Time (JIT) Production System The methodology is for the most part utilized in expanding the effectiveness and diminishing the measure of wastages by getting the quality measure of products according to the prerequisites. Model Figure 4: Example of JIT creation (Source: Chen Sarker, 2015) 15) Opportunity Costs Opportunity cost is deciding the options during the hour of choosing any other option. Model Figure 5: Example of Opportunity Costs (Source: Garciaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Castro Aguilera, 2015) 16) Period Costs The period costs are related with the selling functionalities of the business by deciding the regulatory purposes. Model Selling costs, devaluation cost, promoting costs 17) Product Cost The item cost is creating the possibility of the expenses related during the assembling of any item. Model Crude materials, industrial facility deterioration, work charge 18) Sunk Cost Sunk Costs are alluding to the costs that have been acquired and can't recoup. Model Future costs, forthcoming expenses 19) Total Quality Management (TQM) The methodology of the administration in deciding the drawn out progress through accomplishing the consumer loyalty is considered as Total Quality Management. Model Figure 6: Example of TQM (Source: Calvo-Mora et al. 2014) 20) Variable Costs The costs associated with the creation volume are considered as factor costs. Model Direct Materials, Commissions, Piece rate Labor References Calvo-Mora, A., Ruiz-Moreno, C., Picn-Berjoyo, A., Cauzo-Bottala, L. (2014). Intervention impact of TQM specialized factors in greatness the executives systems.Journal of Business Research,67(5), 769-774. Chen, Z., Sarker, B. R. (2015). Enhancement of multi-stage JIT creation valuing choice: concentrated and decentralized models and algorithms.International Journal of Production Research,53(20), 6210-6230. Fan, Y., Liu, X. K. (2015). Misclassifying Core Expenses as Special Items: Cost of Goods Sold or Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses?.Contemporary Accounting Research, Forthcoming. Garciaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Castro, R., Aguilera, R. V. (2015). Gradual worth creation and allotment in a world with different stakeholders.Strategic Management Journal,36(1), 137-147. Rothaermel, F. T. (2015).Strategic administration. McGraw-Hill. Zhang, Y. F., Hoque, Z., Isa, C. R. (2015). The Effects of Organizational Culture and Structure on the Success of Activity-Based Costing Implementation. InAdvances in Management Accounting(pp. 229-257). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Diaoyu Island Dispute

Japanese call the island bunch close as Senkaku Islands while Chinese call these islands as Diaoyu Islands. For a long time, the two nations have been contending who the power of the islands is, however up until now, they don't have any end who ought to have the islands. This year, at April, the legislative head of Tokyo, Shintaro Ishihara composes an occasion to discount so as to purchase the Diaoyu Islands of japan. Later on the administration assume control over the occasion, they attempt to nationalize the Islands.The above activity course some Hongkongers went to the islands and needed to tell the world that Diaoyu Island has a place with China. After the episode, numerous Chinese, incorporating the individuals who live in China and Taiwan, came out and had mass showing. Because of this sudden occasion, this delicate theme turns into the significant conversation between the administration of Chinese and Japan. At the point when we need to examine this issue, we should understand ing into the historical backdrop of the islands. Diaoyu island was first recorded on the Chinese book: Voyage with a Tail Wind. From that point forward, the Ming and Qing Dynasty were controlling the islands until 1895.After the First Sino-Japanese War, as per the ‘Treaty of Shimonoseki’ in 1895, the Taiwan islands and its islands bunch were surrendered to Japan, however the bargain didn’t incorporate Diaoyu Islands. Be that as it may, Diaoyu islands were all the while being constrained by the Imperial Japan and turned into a piece of Ryukyu Islands. After WWII, as per the ‘Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers Instruction Note, No. 677’: ‘For the reason for this mandate, Japan is characterized to incorporate the four fundamental islands of Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu and Shikoku) and the roughly 1,000 littler nearby islands’.The domains of Japan might be the 4 primary islands and 1,000 little islands, which were excluded Diaoyu Is land. Be that as it may, after the WWII both the Republic of China and the People’s Republic of China didn't indicate Diaoyu islands as a piece of the Chinese domain. In 1972, when the Unites States handover Ryukyu Islands returned to Japan, they likewise handovered the managerial purview of Diaoyu Island to the Japan government. Inferable from the above authentic foundation, the two nations, China and Japan, put stock in their own rendition about the sway of the islands and decline the other’s version.To comprehend political as force in the Diaoyu islands question, Countries that included: Chinese, Japan and Unites States has exhibited various countenances of intensity. Notwithstanding ‘Power as choice making’: This face of intensity comprises of cognizant activities that here and there impact the substance of choices. , utilize Chinese for instance, when each time japan needs to do anything identified with the sovereign of Diaoyu Island, such as setting up a beacon, sending some researcher to Islands, or even as of late, nationalize the islands, Chinese government will use there capacity to influence the Japanese government.Look the activity that takes in this time, Chinese fixing customs investigations from Japan as a sort of financial assents towards japan. And furthermore huge numbers of Chinese explorer dropped their excursion to Japan, will give a success to the Japan the travel industry. With these activities, the Chinese government demonstrated their capacity to impact the substance of choices. The other substance of intensity is ‘Power as motivation setting’, the capacity to set to set or controls the political plan. Bargain of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the Unites States and Japan’ ensure that if a few nations have strife or at war with Japan, the Unites States will assist with ensuring the Japan. So it makes that the Chinese can’t have an exceptionally solid activity to battle for t he Diaoyu islands. The assurance guaranteed by the Unites States to the Japanese, really set up a line that stop Chinese government to make a further move on retaliating there right. What causes the Chinese or the Japanese to have confidence in their own adaptation about the sway of the islands in question and reject that of the Japanese or the Chinese?As the humanist Max Weber characterized that, power is a network's syndication on the authentic utilization of power. From the Chinese’s perspective, Chinese consistently repeat that Diaoyu islands have a place with China since the antiquated time. They accept their own variant in light of the fact that since 1403, the book Voyage with a Tail Wind, and the book: Record of the Imperial Envoy's Visit to Ryukyu in 1534 is the absolute first record of the islands. From that point forward, the Chinese Imperial Map of Ming recognized Island bunch name as Diaoyu, which mean angling is Chinese and these development demonstrate that Dia oyu islands ought to be a piece of China.Also as even it's anything but a piece of surrendered grounds of Treaty of Shimonoseki however as indicated by Potsdam Declaration japan should surrender the control of all islands with the exception of â€Å"the islands of Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku and such minor islands as we determine†. The Chinese government accepts that Japan is presently illicitly to control the island, so Diaoyu Islands ought to be handovered back to China. Then again, In the Japanese perspective, despite the fact that Diaoyu islands were found by Chinese, the islands were not viably represented by the Chinese government.Also after the indication of ‘Treaty of Shimonoseki' in 1895, despite the fact that the control of Diaoyu islands wasn’t canvassed in the arrangement, the Japanese has as of now adequately administered the islands. Besides, after WWII, as per the ‘Treaty of Peace with Japan’, The Unites States incidentally assum e the responsibility for the Ryukyu Islands. As Diaoyu islands are a piece of the Ryukyu Islands, when Unites States handovered Ryukyu Islands to japan, Chinese government didn’t dissent, so Diaoyu Islands ought to be stay as a piece of Japanese.However, the explanation I feel that why Japanese/Chinese reject others rendition, is predominantly on the grounds that the Diaoyu islands issue isn't just the sovereign of a land. As per the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Exclusive monetary zones (EEZs) stretch out from the edge of the regional ocean out to 200 nautical miles from the benchmark. Inside this zone, the seaside country has sole misuse rights over every single regular asset. Base on this law, if Diaoyu islands are actually a piece of japan, the EEZ of Japan will be near the shore of Taiwan and Mainland.This will influence the monetary enthusiasm of China. Besides, in 1969, the United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE) distingu ished a gigantic among of potential oil and gas holds in the region of the Diaoyu Islands. In the event that who control there, that nation will have the drawn out vitality source. As Japan itself doesn’t have enough assets for it own utilization, that immense measure of assets ought to be appealing to Japan. So the question isn't only the sovereign or patriotism. I accept the debate will be settled politically rather than militarily.First, if Japan and Chinese use there military capacity to settled the contest, the monetary and both area will be harmed. War is an occasion that devours a great deal of recourses, cash, fuel, food and so forth. A nation needs to put itself to set up the war; therefore the nation will put need influence on other territory of occasion. The financial of Japan was in a downturn of numerous years; a war for Japan may give them a success which they can’t handle. As the impact of globalization, then again, if Japan monetary breakdown, the Chine se financial will likewise be damage.On the other hand, in spite of the fact that ECAFE recognized an immense among of potential oil and gas holds in the region of the Diaoyu Islands, military move, or war take a great deal of assets. Indeed, even we realize that there might be so much potential oil and gas under Diaoyu islands, yet it might really not have the right to put cash on the mysterious assets. In the side of worldwide connection, Chinese won't show a war to Japan, as the Unites States will include in the war. In 1960, Japan marked ‘Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the Unites States and Japan’ with Unites States.The bargain expressed that: Either side get military assault on the domain of Japan controls will be regarded to jeopardize the wellbeing of the other. In the question of Diaoyu Islands the Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs repeated that Diaoyu Islands were under the Japan’s powerful control, the ba rgain will secure it. It implies that, if the PLA assault or involved the islands, as per the settlement, Unites States have it option to send there troops and partake the war. Chinese government might not have capacity to battle the nation with most grounded military power.As the outcome, Chinese likewise will settle the issue militarily. In this debate, we can see the patriotism showed in the two nations. On China, after those Hongkongers arrived on the Diaoyu Islands, and caught by the Japan Coast Guard. A wide range of urban communities in China began to many exhibit to contradict Japanese’s activity. How every these immense exhibit before long became Irrational brutality, individuals harm vehicles that produced using japan, loot eateries or stores that identified with Japanese, even it was possessed by Chinese. A portion of these hooligans even attempted to harm or even enter the Embassy of Japan.Also I this season of illustrate, the trademarks that utilized were not, at this point pretty much ‘Not to buy’, yet something’s like: ‘War with Japan! ’ ‘Step in to Tokyo! ’ But the most interesting thing is that, these mottos were seen at various urban areas, however not one. All these resembled intended to occur. The above cases can be viewed as an expansionist patriotism, as these activities will in general undertaking another country/race as an adversary. On Japan, after the arrival of Hongkongers, 50 individuals from the Japanese Right-wing governmental issues bunch included 8 individual from National Die landed Diaoyu Island again t

Chicago Payday Loan Horror Stories - OppLoans

Chicago Payday Loan Horror Stories - OppLoans Chicago Payday Loan Horror Stories Chicago Payday Loan Horror StoriesInside Subprime: Feb 25, 2019By Lindsay FrankelFor the 19.1 percent of Chicagoans living in poverty, making ends meet is a struggle, and the high cost of living in the city threatens to make matters worse. Families who are strapped for cash and have bad credit often turn to payday loans in Chicago. And there are plenty of payday lending storefronts in Chicago’s struggling neighborhoods that make promises of fast cash. But the Illinois Attorney General warns  residents that payday loans cause significant financial harm, leaving borrowers worse off.While Illinois has some protections in place for borrowers, such as limits on rollovers, payday loan providers in Illinois are still charging 330 percent APR on average, according to Pew Charitable Trusts. It’s no wonder so many Chicagoans struggle to pay back these risky loans on time. And that’s by designâ€"payday lenders profit when borrowers become trapped in debt, tacking on more fees each time a payday loan is renewed. 91 percent of payday loans are taken out by borrowers who get five or more loans in a year.Tabitha Scott of Hyde Park was one of those repeat borrowers. Scott fits the profile of a payday loan borrower, according to a Pew report. The 35 year-old single black woman originally borrowed money to cover repairs on her wrecked vehicle, but quickly became trapped in debt, and went on to take out two additional payday loans. “I needed [the loan] right then, right there,” said Scott. But she ended up paying more in interest and fees than the principal of the loan.Payday lenders in Chicago are concentrated in the city’s low-income neighborhoods, according to 2015 analysis conducted by the Chicago Reporter. 7 in 10 of the city’s payday lending storefronts are located in areas with a below-average per capita income.Dawn Dannenbring of Illinois People’s Action said that predatory lenders taking advantage of low-income minorities was “one more instance of insti tutional racism.” She added that the use of payday loans highlights income inequality in Chicago. “Most people who use payday loans, they’re actually taking out money for expenses they can’t meet with their paychecks because we don’t pay people enough,” she said. “These lenders prey on people who just can’t make ends meet.”If you are a Chicagoan with your own payday loan horror story, the Illinois Attorney General’s office urges you to know your rights. The website states: “If this happens to you, please remember that under Illinois law, you are entitled to enter into an interest-free repayment plan with your lender after you’ve been in debt for more than 35 days.” Most payday lenders won’t offer this option, but if you request it, they’re required by law to provide it. Payday lenders also can’t issue a new loan if it would cause you to become trapped in debt for more than 45 consecutive days. “Together, these two provisions are designed to give pay day borrowers some breathing room to pay off their old payday loan debt without getting buried under additional charges and fees.”For more information on  payday loans, scams, and  cash advances  and  check out our city and state financial guides  including Illinois, Chicago, Peoria, Rockford and Springfield.Visit  OppLoans  on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIn

Traditions and Customs in Romania - 4023 Words

Romania is situated in the southeast of Europe, to the north of the Balkan Mountains. It has a population of about 23 million inhabitants. Most of its people are of Roman origin-in fact, â€Å"Romania† means â€Å"land of the Romans†. But there are also Hungarians, Germans, Serbs, Tartars, and Russians who make up the rest of the population. The official language is Romanian, the only language of Latin origin in Eastern Europe. Brought up to respect religious traditions, the majority of Romanians is Orthodox (nearly 87 percent). Protestants are the next largest denomination at 6.8 percent with Catholics making up 5.6 percent of the population. A small number of Muslims also live in Romania. Romanian Orthodox Church, in common with all Eastern†¦show more content†¦The white blouse is also a basic item in male costume, tightened at the waist with a woolen sash or leather belt. This is usually worn with narrow, white trousers. A typical piece of headgear for men i s the hat made of lambskin, black felt, or straw-depending on the time of year and the local tradition. Romania preserved a significant number of traditional customs and celebrations manifest within the strong community of the village. Ceremonies dedicated to the significant moments of ones life (birth, wedding, death), to natural cycles (such as solstice, equinox, harvest, springtime) or to the big religious celebrations, follow the same archaic mythical rituals they did a thousand years ago. Even though preformed in 21st century in villages marked by modernization, such traditional rites havent diminish their prestige. They still provide viable answers to how to live in harmony with the environment and community, that the present social and economical system cannot furnish. During winter solstice, when the sun is weak and frost and dryness take over, Romanian peasants conceived ceremonies to help the Sun and Nature to overcome this temporary crisis. For 12 days between Christmas and St. John on January 7th, all Romanian villages have specific celebrations, starting with childrens caroling on Christmas eve: â€Å"Mos Ajun† or â€Å"Buna Dimineata† (Good Morning). Well spread throughoutShow MoreRelatedCelebrating Easter in Romania Essay527 Words   |  3 PagesOne of the most important religious holidays in Romania is Easter, the annual festival commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ. It is celebrated on a Sunday on changeable dates between March and April. Usually it is a week after the Catholic Easter. In Romania, the Christian Church says that Jesus was born during the winter solstice and his death followed by his resurrection happened during the spring equinox. Everyone, rich or poor, dresses in their best clothing; some are dressed in nationalRead MoreRomani A Beautiful Country1670 Words   |  7 Pages When people hear of the place Romania, not very many people know about its very existence, much less where it is located on a map. Romania is not a well-known country, but it is somewhat known for its gypsies, castles, wine, and for Dracula himself. Romania is a beautiful country filled with amazing landscape such as fascinating forests, majestic mountains, and raging rivers. Romania also is a very warm culture and the people there are extremely friendly and hospitable. In order for one to knowRead MoreThe Childhood Of Mother And Dad Essay1218 Words   |  5 Pagesin their generation. Mom, whose primary language is Romanian, feels completely American now. She has a younger, unmarried, 28 year old brother. Dad, age 37, has two older sisters with one married and the other single. 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Furthering the reasons for this choice, these texts haveRead MoreUkraine : A Large And Pivotal State1085 Words   |  5 PagesUkraine is a large and pivotal state, occupying an important and sensitive location between the Russian Federation and the eastern European states. The country borders several members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), such as Poland and Romania. Up until 1991, Ukraine was a member of the Soviet Union. Their independence has long been the source of conflict and dispute in the region, and has led to violent armed conflict in recent years. The country has a rich history and unique culture whichRead More The Orthodox Tradition in Eastern Europe Essay981 Words   |  4 PagesThe Orthodox Tradition in Eastern Europe After the 4th century when Constantinople emerged as a great capital and church center, tensions sometimes arose between its leaders and the bishop of Rome. After the fall of Rome to Germanic invaders in 476, the Roman pope was the only guardian of Christian universalism in the West. He began more explicitly to attribute his dominance to Rome’s being the burial place of Saint Peter, whom Jesus had called the â€Å"rock† on which the church was to be built. TheRead MoreThe Great Schism967 Words   |  4 Pages whom Jesus had called the rock on which the church was to be built. The Eastern Christians respected that tradition and recognized the Roman patriarch to a measure of honorable authority. But they never believed that this authority allowed the papacy to overrule another church or that it made the pope into a universally reliable figure within the larger church. The Orthodox tradition asserted that the character and rights of the church were fully present in each local community of Orthodox believersRead MoreThe Roma And Its Impact On Today s Society1108 Words   |  5 PagesThe Roma people migrated into Europe looking for economic possibilities. It is similar to the way we move for job opportunities into different cities and even state borders. However, it was the Balkan lands of Wallachia and Moldavia, present-day Romania, that the Romani people encountered the most suffrage. The Roma became an economic necessity to Wallachia and Moldavia; the Roma was the working class of this area. Just like in the United States, the middle-class is what keeps the economy runningRead MoreEth 125 Final Paper1590 Words   |  7 Pagesdiversity there is an important benefits of such a diverse society listed in the text like a â€Å"rekindling interest in almost forgotten languages, customs, festivals, and traditions.† (Schaefer, 2012, pp.26). Thos e forgotten languages, customs, festivals, and traditions can add culture to our communities. Concerning these types of festivals and traditions the media helps foster appreciation for that diversity and brings it to our community for our benefit. One example in my community, which has veryRead MoreCulture Is A Way Of Life1180 Words   |  5 PagesCulture is a lifestyle; it is the way life is going to base on beliefs, traditions, or ethnic values. Based on the Merriam Webster dictionary culture is A culture is a way of life of a group of people act specific behaviors, value beliefs, values, and symbols that they accept, generally without thinking about them, and that are passed along by communication and imitation from one generation to the next. Culture is also known to be a way of expressing one’s opinion and point of view, it is very

Leadership And Communication Strategies For Effective...

Leadership and Communication What is leadership? There are various definitions of this particular term according to various needs of the organizations and employees and they all qualify in one way or another. Though the definition that most resonates with me one by buckingham (2005), â€Å"what defines a leader is his preoccupation with a â€Å"the better future†, he carries a vivid image of what the future could be and it drives him on, and he shows this picture to his followers, persuades them into believing the future he envisions and transforms their fear of the unknown in confidence of the future† (pg. 59). And while he does this, there is clear form of communication from the top of the food chain, where he resides as CEO in this case, to the bottom of the food chain in successive levels of leadership. Therefore, communication is necessary tool for effective leadership. Communication Strategies for Effective Leadership Time and time again through studies, researchers have found communication to be one of the most important skill for leadership. Several studies such as Mumford, campion and morgeson (2007) where 1000 various level of managers were tested and found that oral and written communication were one of the most important aspect of the leadership skills; moreover, maes, weldy, icenogle (1997) studied what 354 managers identified as the most important competencies for leaders, and they identified communication skill as the most important, which included listening,Show MoreRelatedCommunication: An Integral Component of Organizational Leadership1585 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The concept of communication is an integral component of organizational leadership (Hackman Johnson, 2009).Pohrte (2010) noted that people in leadership position must learn take the responsibility of discharging effective communication when dealing with other people. 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One speaks while the other listens for true comprehension is a key factor. One must get an understanding before the vision can be implemented within any leadership role. The presence of collaboration in schools are the result of principals, educators, parents, and administrative leadership in working

Short Story - 1068 Words

She stepped out of the long stretched black limo. It took her four hours to get here. Not that matters to anyone but her. She made it and that was what was important. She smoothed the wrinkles from her dress. The mood darken as she stepped inside the building. In the corner to her right, Ms. Lou and Mrs. Right sat judging everyone the second they stepped into their view. Those two ladies had been judging people for as long as she could remember, but for someone to be allowed to judge them, yeah, not likely to happen. â€Å"Some people never change.† she thought to herself. It’s been six years since her last visit and she expected more people to be amongst the dead instead of the living considering that’s where most of their personalities were.†¦show more content†¦The chatter stopped when a much younger version of the man sitting beside her walked in. This one was the real killer. She was sure of it. His hands were stained with blood and his thoughts wer e filled with guilt. He bowed his head without making eye contact. He walked straight up to the closed coffin, kneeling in front of it. He oozed the regret. She softly rubbed the hand she held in hers before getting up and walking over to him. She kneeled next to him, not saying a word. They didnt make eye contact, she just quietly and gently placed her hand on top of his as she had done with his father. I downed another iced cold beer. â€Å"You’re gonna be late.† I shook my head. I knew this but I didn’t completely care. I needed to drown myself in this moment. â€Å"I’m getting out of the car, it’s safe now your cousin is here.† I gazed through the windshield trying to focus to see her. The limo looked to be doubled. She stepped out of it brushing her hand through her hair and across her dress. I begged her not to leave all those years again. She had other plans for her life though. This town was too small for her. She needed to get away from the stories of her parents. We didnt blame her. We just wanted to go with her. I just wanted to go with her. She promised to come back and here she was making good on that promise for the wrong reasons but hey she kept her word. Job well done. The car door slammed shut and I popped the cap off anotherShow MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. Four MajorRead MoreThe Short Stories Ideas For Writing A Short Story Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pageswriting a short story. 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And with thatRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect.As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreGothic Short Story1447 W ords   |  6 Pages The End. In the short story, â€Å"Emma Barrett,† the reader follows a search party group searching for a missing girl named Emma deep in a forest in Oregon. The story follows through first person narration by a group member named Holden. This story would be considered a gothic short story because of its use of setting, theme, symbolism, and literary devices used to portray the horror of a missing six-year-old girl. Plot is the literal chronological development of the story, the sequence of eventsRead MoreRacism in the Short Stories1837 Words   |  7 PagesOften we read stories that tell stories of mixing the grouping may not always be what is legal or what people consider moral at the time. The things that you can learn from someone who is not like you is amazing if people took the time to consider this before judging someone the world as we know it would be a completely different place. The notion to overlook someone because they are not the same race, gender, creed, religion seems to be the way of the world for a long time. Racism is so prevalentRead MoreThe Idol Short Story1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe short stories â€Å"The Idol† by Adolfo Bioy Casares and â€Å"Axolotl† by Julio Cortà ¡zar address the notion of obsession, and the resulting harm that can come from it. Like all addictions, obsession makes one feel overwhelmed, as a single thought comes to continuously intr uding our mind, causing the individual to not be able to ignore these thoughts. In â€Å"Axolotl†, the narrator is drawn upon the axolotls at the Jardin des Plantes aquarium and his fascination towards the axolotls becomes an obsession. In

Dreams can come true free essay sample

All our dreams can come true if we have the courage to pursue them. I believe every child Is born a dreamer, from the moment we enter this world our mind wanders off In every direction. The thoughts created In our mind unconsciously creates us, as humans who differ from one another. For I have dreamed on and on, gone through thousands of dreams. Yet I realized that Fife is not unlimited, physically as well as our mentally we are not immortal and have a certain duration of time. During this life I choose to follow my dreams, they serve as a my goals, pushing me harder everyday. ACH day so I may one day achieve the future I desire. Here I will share some of my arsenal of reveries. Like most children, we grow up being praised and told how we will be the future presidents or prime minister, The point here to that success Is the key. We will write a custom essay sample on Dreams can come true or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Success Is different from each and every perspective. I believe that focusing on the present which would be school is most important as it builds a strong foundation for my future. Growing up in a well disciplined family, I was always successful academically, always getting As and rarely any BBS as well as receiving nine awards at last years ward ceremony. Even will all that, It Is not what satisfies me the most. Hat I truthfully admire is my influence towards my peers. Growing up with them I knew that their grades were not always as good, but unknowingly they got better. Was the only boy with great academics so the parents of my classmates would use me as a role model when lecturing their children. As time passed, they followed my footsteps and gradually improved. Although it may not show, I am truthfully pleased with this accomplishment of mine. My second dream is to live happily ever after. Know it might sound super cheesy but I would hate outfit my life to be boring. We only liv e once so we have to make the best of it. Ever wasting any precious time that well never get back. I would like to have a happy family with two kids, take them traveling and exploring the our world so they do not regret their life. Teach them the ways of life while guiding them through obstacles to the point where they can hold their on ground. I would also like to fall In love with the one girl that was made for me. It would be a great blessing bringing Joy and happiness to my life until the very end. Although love is accomplish emotionally ore than physically it still plays a major role In our life as we were all born and raised with love. To not waste the time. The most important part of our life, I plan on learning all sort of arts which brings us to our next point. Art, the expression or application of human creative skill and Imagination. Ever since I was young I was fascinated by art, from the sweet tunes of music to the mind grasping beauty of drawings. Art is part of me as I have grown up with it, it has design lessons since the age of eight, I have learned to appreciate what we know as art. With these skills I hope to become a great architect, artist or designer. Although its pretty far fetched my dream would be to become a famous performer or idol. With this dream as a goal in mind, Vive seen myself hovering around the art of dance and music. Like all other forms of art it is a way to express ourselves but imagine how much better it would be if I was able to share it with a mass amount of people. I train everyday hoping one day I could achieve that goal even by starting to invest funds so that I may improve m dance and vocal skills. My final dream is a dream dreamt by most. That is to be a superhero. Facing the fact that thats only in children movies, lets move to a more realistic perspective. Instead of being a superhero, Id like to be recognized as a historical figure that has changed our world in one way or another. I hope to change my country of birth and make it a better place for its inhabitants. China is currently a communist country with some very dark ways which is my goal to change. Think of how much better the people would feel if I made Chinas government a democratic one where the population could choose for the better themselves for a clearer see-through government. By accomplishing that, I hope that as a consequences it will break all the bad troopers put out against my race. At the end of each day, one should ask themselves what they accomplished that day that helped them move onwards towards the achievement of their dreams. Dreams were meant to be set as goals, without goals, one would never even hope to be on the right path leading them to a good life. Everyone dreams but it is those who put in the effort, determination, education and hardwood who distinct themselves from the rest and stands on top. Remember that you are never too old to dream, life is short, live it to the fullest. Never stop dreaming!

Essay on Human Resource Management Essays - , Term Papers

Essay on Human Resource Management It can be said that the term human resources management became popular in the UK at the latter half of the eighties and at the beginning of the nineties. It has been applied to a diverse range of management strategies and has sometimes been used simply as a more modern term for personnel, employee or industrial relations. Its importance lies in its association with a strategic, integrated and highly distinctive managerial approach to the management of the people. The distinctiveness lies in labour being seen as an asset and resource and not as a cost. The strategy is to try to develop this resource to its maximum so that emphasis is on the individual employee and on his/her motivation, training and development. Human Resources Management is defined as proactive rather than reactive, system-wide rather than fragmentary, treats labour as social capital rather than as a variable cost, is goal-oriented rather than relationship oriented, and ultimately is based on commitment rather than compliance. The key themes upon which Human Resources Management is based include Human Relations psychology, Strategic Management theory, and the doctrines of quality and flexibility. The relative emphasis that is accorded to each of these themes can give rise to different variants of Human Resources Management. In particular, it is possible to identify two extreme positions. These are Instrumental and Humanistic. Instrumental approaches draw upon the rational-outcome model of strategic management to view Human Resources Management as something which is driven by and derived directly from corporate, divisional or business level strategy, and geared almost exclusively to enhancing competitive advantage. Humanistic approaches, on the other hand, utilise process theory to emphasise the reciprocal nature of the relationship between strategic management and Human Resources Management and the latters role in ensuring that competitive advantage is achieved through people but not necessarily at their e xpense. One positive consequence of several new approaches to human resourcing has been to force managers to address the basic concepts and values that they routinely use in the evaluation of personnel processes, thereby encouraging a clearer understanding of the overall human resource system. Such an understanding is closely linked to the success with which the performance of human resources can be evaluated. Such evaluation has tended to take two forms: a concern with systems of performance management, and the use of flexible working patterns and organisational structures. However Human Resources Management is not perfect when you ponder on the point of view of the business goals and interests. Its extremely hard for a company to achieve maximum profits and efficiency if it takes too much at heart the wellbeing and interests of its employees. This problem can be defined as an integration issue where we distinguish the external fit of Human Resources Management with the organisations broader business view and the internal consistency of the policy goals of Human Resources Management itself. This is particularly problematic in highly competitive or recessionary conditions where the needs of the business are likely to undermine any internal Human Resources Management issues. For example, if shedding of labour should occur this would challenge, if not destroy, an organisations Human Resources Management image of caring for the needs and security of its employees. The fundamental problem with Human Resources Management is that in most cases Human Resources issues are subordinate and secondary to business strategy. It is not simply that the search for profit overrides the policy goals of Human Resources Management, but arguably that Human Resources Management is pursued only in the belief that by raising employees commitment, flexibility and quality of their work the bottom line will be improved. The contradictions within Human Resources Management are most apparent at the level of actual practices, with simultaneous advocacy of workforce attributes such as individualism and teamwork, commitment to a job and flexibility and development of a strong culture and adaptability. In identifying the tension between individualism and teamwork, for example, what these cases demonstrate is the need for a redefinition of Human Resources Management, for despite any surface similarity with the textbook checklists of Human Resources Management policies these cases could certainly not be described as operating a form of development humanism. The internal contradictions, which plagued Human Resources Management, are well illustrated by

Pricing Strategy and Special Topics

Pricing Strategy and Special Topics Pricing strategy refers to the series of maneuvers that businessmen employ to arrive at the final price of a new product at the market.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pricing Strategy and Special Topics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In general, a business man should follow the following steps before settling down on the price of a commodity: come up with a marketing strategy, decide on the marketing mix, determine the demand versus price relationship, calculate the cost incurred, consider environmental factors, outline the pricing objectives and finally settle down on the cost of the commodity (Anon 2). Putting into consideration a few examples, Tata, an Indian car company introduces the cheapest car in the market which after selling for a while undergoes a price hike. The company would have failed to maintain the cheap price due to various reasons. For instance, despite the car’s cheap price, it did not r ealize market share maximization which was one of its targets since it sold just 45,000 in a country of over a billion people. The company had considered some ethical issues before settling down on the price like excluding features that may raise the cost of production and setting the plant near the source of raw materials. However, low prices are usually prone to price wars and may be considered internationally as dumping. Again, the Indian government initiative to develop the cheapest PC attracts so much debate from manufacturers. This goes hand in hand with the introduction of $35 tablet PC which appears to be impossible to many. Such initiatives may be successful since the government may subsidize the manufacturing cost in its efforts to make each of its citizens own a PC. The government considers legal issues like subsidizing the cost for the benefit of their consumers, though it may raise questions from other manufactures. However, price standardization has not been accepted i n many countries. Automobile Sales Examining the conversation between the three car dealers and the report thereafter, it is very clear to everyone that automobile prices have drastically gone down by a very high percentage compared to the previous years. Many programs have been put in place to have the prices cut by almost 40% that have seen all kinds of vehicles going at a lower price.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Apart from prices falling, car sales are not very good probably due to gas prices. However, quite a good number of people are targeting the collapse of the general motors’ hoping that this would cause the prices to fall even further. Manufacturers have been employing various pricing strategies to ensure that despite the low prices and low sales, they still remain in the market and do not undergo losses. There are five pricing strategies that a re evident in the automobiles industry which include price skimming, penetration pricing, experience curve pricing, complementary product pricing and break even pricing (Rao 15). Price skimming involves setting initial prices very high to target those customers who are less sensitive and then gradually reducing the prices to have them fall even further. The referred articles show that automobile prices were higher in the previous years, have shoppers like Ousman who rarely bargains and also most people are waiting for General Motors to collapse hoping for even lower prices. In penetration pricing, the dealers set lower prices to accelerate product adoption as we can see dealers hoping that customers will flock in the showrooms. â€Å"Experience curve pricing† targets higher volumes of sales and lower costs through accumulated experience. Complementary product pricing is seen where one dealer says that most profits are not realized from new cars but after sale services like sp are parts. Finally, no dealer talks of incurring losses meaning that they have employed the break even pricing (Langfitt 2). Product Marketing Versus Service Marketing There is a major difference between marketing of product when compared with marketing of services. Many business men market their tangible products very easily but find it very tricky to market services. Several features significantly differentiate these two kinds of products some of which are discussed below. Marketing of a service involves marketing of relationship and value as compared to the visible tangible product. Relationship and value needs consumer conviction rather that a tangible product that he/she can confirm of the same. The physical presence of a commodity has more appeal to the consumer rather than something that can only be confirmed after it has taken place.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pricing Strategy and Special Topics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For example, it is possible to look at the value of a packet of maize flour by looking at the ingredients whereas it’s not possible to know the value of counselor’s services. Whereas the reputation of a tangible product can be determined by the various products on display, the reputation of a service is time based and depends on how a particular individual can deliver that service. For instance, it is not easy to determine the reputation of a lawyer unless you confirm the way he will defend you whereas by walking through a showroom, it is easy to outline the reputation of various car models. Again, it is easier to test the quality of a tangible product, like checking the features of a computer that you may be looking for but it is very difficult to test the quality of a service before receiving it. For instance, you can only confirm the quality of the work of an architect by the products of his structural planning. Also, a consumer can return a tangible product to the seller but a service cannot be returned (DK 6). Anon. Pricing Strategy. NetMBA Business Knowledge Centre, 2010. Web. DK. Product Marketing vs. Service Marketing What You Need to Know. Business Knowledge Source, 2010. Web. Langfitt, Frank. Cash or Credit, Car Deals Abound. NPR, 2009. Web. Rao, Vithala. Handbook of Pricing Research in Marketing. Massachusetts: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2009.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

The federal judiciary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The federal judiciary - Essay Example In cases where an act of legislation is made by the legislature but it goes against the constitution the court has a right to rescind that act. The executive is aimed at having more powers and advancing its authority as well as limiting the congressional powers. The legislative veto was the powerful mechanism that congress used for its oversight and was meant to make checks on the government and a policy-making instrument. They went beyond their powers and exercise duties or veto rules made by executive at times and the judicial review would come in like in the case of Chadha. Chadha, an international student whose visa had expired, was due for deportation but applied for a suspension and an application was made by the Attorney General for suspension since Chadha would face hardships and did not have anywhere to go. The INS judge suspended the deportation and made a report to the congress under law. The house sub-committee recommended deportation but did not make submission to the members for vote. It was thus passed without vote or debate. After the veto by the house it was not submitted to the senate or president, but the INS judge reopened proceedings and Chadha was ordered deported. He filed a petition for review and the court of appeal held that the house was without consultative authority and thus approved the suspension. The INS argued in this case that the Immigration and Nationality Act had violated the separation of powers as it had authorized the legislature to revoke decisions made by the executive arm. It also found out that the particular section of the act was unconstitutional since it violated the principles bicameralism and the presentment clause. The court ruled that the house had taken action that meant to alter the duties of attorney general. The ruling stroke down the legislative veto and the attorney general had the delegated duty of the executive and thus by vetoing

Social Media Team in Customer Relation Management & Balanced Scorecard Essay

Social Media Team in Customer Relation Management & Balanced Scorecard - Essay Example Given that, the main points throughout the discussion touch upon different companies. It will give a general look at the strategic media performance of contemporary organizations in the world. First and foremost, company’s goals are more vital than contemporary state of affairs. In this respect the need for a balanced scorecard has grown once high technologies bubbled over in the most of world countries in the early 1990s. Translating the vision of an organization leads toward seeking the means for finding out the most optimal solutions through linking â€Å"current actions with tomorrow’s goals† (Kaplan & Norton, 2007, p. 150). This is why the need for strategic implementations is mostly based on how an organization communicates its strategy with customers and how it complements the very requirements and expectations thereof. It is vital to note that devising the overall strategy regarding the social media team is, perhaps, the most important thing to do nowadays. Taking a glimpse at what current mass media propose to customers, there is plenty to talk about the social awareness of such companies as Coca-Cola, Pepsi, McDonald’s, BP, Apple, etc. All these giants seem to expand the most of the market in their concrete fields of activities. Notably, the main weapon for them is not only television, but Web 2.0 technologies including social networking, e-mailing, micro-blogging, and so on. According to the scorecard perspective, there are four main processes to draw up the entire vision of the company, namely: translating the vision, communicating and linking, business planning, and feedback and learning (Kaplan & Norton, 2007). The second one is at the core of current discussion as it is straightly referred to CRM. Thus, internal data of the company should partly be disseminated among the key groups of customers. Wollan, Smith, & Zhou (2011) point out that being serious about social media is a prerequisite for

The Types Of E Commerce

The Types Of E Commerce Emergence of internet over the past few years has changed the trends of business world at exponential rate. Now world has become a Global Village which means what used to be a single physical market place located in one geographical area has now become a border-less marketplace, attracting customers and businesses from all over the world. It provides businesses with many advantages for instance setting up an online business is less costly since it doesnt require physical infrastructure for a shop, a business can operate 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and 365 days a year, these long working hours helps businesses generating more profits. It also offers businesses to try new product lines and marketing strategies in cost effective way. The biggest advantage of online business is that even small businesses can compete with international corporations since consumers cannot figure out the actual size of firm. E-commerce can be defined in different ways: E-commerce refers to various online commercial activities focusing on commodity exchanges by electronic means, internet in particular. Zheng Qin (2009) , Introduction to e commerce, Page 7 E-COMMERCE refers to the paperless exchange of business information using electronic data interchange, electronic mail, electronic bulletin boards, electronic funds transfer, world wide web, and other network-based technologies. E-COMMERCE, The Cutting Edge of Business , Second Edition (2005) by Kamlesh K Bajaj and Debjani Nag E-COMMERCE is the use of telecommunications and computers to facilitate the trade of goods and services E-commerce by S. Pankaj (2005) page 3 Types of E-commerce There are Four Main Types Of E-commerce Model: 1) Business to Business (B2B) B2B can be define as commerce transactions between businesses, such as transactions between a wholesaler and retailer. 2) Business to Consumer (B2C) As discussed in class lecture, B2C refers to a commerce transaction between business and individual rather then a company or Businesses selling to the general public for example Dell computer which sells directly to general public through website. 3) Consumer to Business( C2B) C2B is a reverse form of business to consumer, in C2B the commerce transaction take place between consumer and business, for instance Elance.com, which allow individuals to place their requirements on a website within hours companies review the project and make bids on a project then consumer review the bids and select the company with most suitable bid. 4) Consumer to Consumer (C2C) C2C is simply a commerce transaction between consumer to consumer, manay auctions webistes allow consumers to interact with other consumers to buy and sell all sort of items for example Ebay.com, Amazon.com. Above mentioned types of E-commerce clearly shows that electronic commerce is becoming the back bone of transactions at every level for both businesses and consumers. The impact of this emerging trend has changed the fundamentals of supply chain management by redefining the way in which consumers select, purchase and use products and services. E-commerce has also provided companies with opportunity to work more closer to customers what we call consumers intimacy which allow companies to shape their innovation process with changing demand of consumers. Classifications of Business-to-Consumer (B2C) E-Commerce: As described by Deborah Morley Charles S. Parker(2010) With the business to consumer model, businesses sell goods or services to individual consumers. The B2C model was one of the first major types of e-commerce business models to be defined and implemented using the Web. Some example of B2C businesses include Amazon.com, Walmart.com, Overstock.com, and BestBuy.com. There are two main types of B2C E-Commerce: 1) Direct Sellers Direct Sellers are those companies which provide products or services directly to consumers. The important factors that contribute towards the success of B2C e-commerce are Direct Selling experience and consumers database. There is a limit to amount of information that can be communicated through catalogs but internet offers a powerful medium by which direct sellers can provide consumers with thousands of products with detailed description and high-quality visuals. Example: Dell Computers 2) Online Intermediaries Online intermediaries are companies that facilitate transactions between buyers and sellers and receive a percentage of the transactions value. For examples Internet Service Providers( ISP). Supply Chain Management An electronic alternative to the traditional paper chain, providing companies with a smarter, faster, more efficient way to get the right product to the right customer at the right time and price. Combines the power of the Internet with the latest technology, enabling participating suppliers to access up-to-date company information and enabling companies to better manage and track supply and demand http://www.geemultimedia.com.au/glossary.asp IMPACT OF E-COMMERCE ON AIRLINE INDUSTRY: The blessings of Internet have been observed the most by Airline Industry and as a result of it Airline ticket sales now comprise of the largest portion of all product sales made online. This is because e-ticketing is beneficial for both the airlines as well as the travelers. Traditionally the only options available to a passenger were either to buy tickets from a travel agency or from airport. But now with the advent of Internet, airlines have used tool like e-distribution system. An airlines costs can be divided into following two parts: Direct Operating Costs- which includes aircraft, its fuel and salaries of the staff Indirect Operating Costs- which is the distribution cost. The direct operating cost will remain more or less fixed while there is room for saving on indirect cost. This is where e-commerce can play an important role by integrating all business units and efficiently managing logistics. The major components of indirect cost for airline industry includes Sales office, Reservation system ,Travel agent fees,Ticketing fees Promotion and advertisements. Previously, airlines payed commissions to travel agents for selling their tickets, in addition money was also spent on setting up of sales office and staff salaries. Extra capital was used for printing and issuing of tickets. To cut down the operating cost airlines had to turn to e-ticketing to limit their sales offices and reduce their dependency on sales agents. Every airline has now setup their own website offering online booking facility. This also allow Airlines to promote different marketing strategies through web site which gives them more chance to attract new customers. Through the use of e-commerce and development of websites airlines has integrated all the parties involve in a business process for instance tourism business industry can link up with airline website using the integrated information system so that they can get the real time data through share database about the customers booking for their hotel along with the airline tickets. Online sells has also extended the business hours for airlines since customers can do online bookings round the clock and thus throughout the year. While passengers have the luxury of scheduling their own flight in a matter of few clicks saving both time and money. Conclusion: E-commerce has revolutionized the business models. Trading online enables businesses to reach much wider audience while cutting the costs of traditional retailing methods. It also provide businesses with long working hours and minimum human capital. E-commerce allows businesses to better understand and meet the demands of customers, working more closely with them by managing databases, resulting in better supply chain management activities and efficient logistics. E-commerce has also changed the way customers learn , select, purchase and use products and services, providing them with more personalized experience ever and by cutting the middle man out businesses have provide consumers with fast processing and close interaction with company.

The Women from The Odyssey, The Wife of Bath, and Sir Gawain Essay

The Women from The Odyssey, The Wife of Bath, and Sir Gawain   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Until recently, the role of women in literature has seemed to reflect the way they were treated in society. Women were seen as secondary to men, and their sole purpose in life was to please a man’s every desire. This is not the case in three specific literary works. The Odyssey, The Wife of Bath, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight use the actions of its women characters to greatly enhance important thematic elements. The women in each of these works use feminine psyche to persuade men to do things that men of the time would not usually do. The use of women in these literary works is very contrary to the prevailing ideals of the female and her responsibilities at the time each was written. In each case, the woman possesses an almost supernatural power to influence others to do as she requests. Though it is somewhat premature to assume that the authors of these pieces started a feminist revolution, they most definitely allowed women to be seen with a respect that the female had never enjoyed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Odyssey contains many female characters that influence the entire climax. Athena is an obvious example, because as a goddess and fan of Odysseus, she is able to create supernatural occurrences to help Odysseus to survive. But to include her as a woman is not feasible, because she is an immortal god. The true female heroine of The Odyssey is Penelope, the loving and devoted wife of Odysseus. She fits the perfect mold of an excellent mother and faithful wife. Although Odysseus is believed to be dead, she does not marry again and does everything in her power to prevent this from happening. She is able to use trickery and deceit to avoid the suitors without allowing them to find out what she is doing. She has informed her men-in-waiting that she will marry when she finishes weaving her shroud. She works all day on it and secretly undoes her work at night while they are sleeping. In this case, Penelope is seen as smart and cunning, and she is being faithful to her husband and at the same time, she does not have to blatantly disrespect the suitors. At the time this was written, it was almost impossible for a woman of her stature to avoid remarrying immediately. Another way that Penelope is seen as loyal and exceptional as a woman is the test that she gives Odysseus when he returns home in disgui... ...in literary works has often reflected the way that women were viewed at the time of each work’s creation. For three works, The Odyssey, The Wife of Bath, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, each author chose to oppose the prevailing view. The characters that these women play are crucial to the hero’s success or failure. Each woman is able to overcome adversity and oppression to prevail over the male sex. By doing so, they can be viewed as being a role model to all the women who read these works. Even though, there may not have been noticeable changes in the way women were treated in each work’s respective time period, they serve as a divergence away from traditional values and set a framework for further success in equality. Works Cited Anonymous. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. The Norton Anthology. Ed. Sarah   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lawall. 7th ed. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1999. 1458-1511. Chaucer, Geoffrey. The Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale. The Norton Anthology.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ed. Sarah Lawall. 7th ed. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1999.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1549-1572. Homer. The Odyssey. The Norton Anthology. Ed. Sarah Lawall. 7th ed. New York:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  W.W. Norton & Company, 1999. 209-513.

Burundi Music Essay

Every individual is inherently unique from one another because of many factors. Their individual uniqueness could be in terms of their personality, beliefs, lifestyle and others. Nevertheless, despite these differences, individuals still feel a sense of belongingness because they find themselves part of a certain group that shares things that are common among them. The concept of culture plays an important role in establishing ties among individuals of a particular group, community, or even a nation. This is due to the fact that culture mirrors the way of life of the people. It symbolizes the heritage of a group of people, which could be seen through the art of music as well as the instruments that they use in order to produce their unique sounds. In relation to this, the country of Burundi also has their unique flair for music that describes the very culture that these people have. The country of Burundi or officially known as the Republic of Burundi is among the smallest and most densely populated territories in African continent. Burundi is a small landlocked country in Central Africa wherein it is surrounded by other countries including Tanzania, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Rwanda. The country is also situated just south of the equator. Bujumbura is the capital of the country. This city has a population of about 600,000 that is located at the western Burundi’s Great Rift Valley on the shores of Lake Tanganyika (Africa Travelling, 2000). The population of the country is originally composed of the Twa Pygmies of the forests, which was later joined by the Hutu agriculturists. After the 14th century, the Tutsis who were characterized as war-like and reared long-horn cattle. As time passes by, the Tutsis were able to dominate the society of the country and have established feudal obligations between the farmers and cattle owners. The authority of the Tutsis created more conflict when Germany and Belgium gained possession of the territory and acquired leadership indirectly through the Tutsis. For the span of several centuries, the Tutsi Royalty held the seat of power in the country wherein they provided organized leadership as well as a rich dynastic culture. However, after the Second World War majority of the Hutus insisted that they should be given greater participation in the affairs of the country. Because of this, the royal family failed to show their ability to rule as they cannot properly handle the demands of the Hutus. The downfall of the royal family paved the way for the country to be under the central authority of the military and police (Travel Documents Systems, 2009). Most scholars who studied the Burundian culture found out that the royal court has a huge influence in the country’s culture. Their cultural heritage is centered on music and dance that gave reverence to the virtues of kingship. They also held numerous festivals wherein the drummers of Burundi had the most captivating presence. The dances and elaborate ceremonies are usually performed with royal drums. Drumming is regarded as a vital aspect of the Burundian culture. For more than forty years, the world renowned Royal Drummers of Burundi are recognized for their traditional drumming styles. They used native drums such as: â€Å"amashako†, â€Å"ibishikiso†, and â€Å"ikiranya†. The performances of this percussion ensemble are usually part of ceremonies like births, funerals, and the coronations of their Kings, which they called as â€Å"mwami† The â€Å"karyenda† drums that the band also uses, are sacred in Burundi. These drums symbolize the mwami and regeneration as well as fertility. The drums use by the Royal Drummers of Burundi came from hollowed tree trunks and covered by animal skin. There are also other drums that are used like the â€Å"Inkiranya† that serves as the central drum and the Amashako which is responsible in giving a continuous beat as well as the Ibishikiso that follows the rhythm of the Inkiranya (Maps of World, 2009). The performance of the Royal Drummers also stands for the music heritage of its people. The way in which they play these various drums has been the same for centuries because the techniques and traditions have been passed on from generation to generation. Members of the ensemble take turns in playing the drums and dancing throughout the performance. The drummers start the show by balancing the heavy drums on their heads, at the same time singing and playing. There are also some extra members that hold ornamental shields and spears. Their purpose is to lead the procession with their dance (Maps of World, 2009). The unique and long-standing musical heritage of Burundi is not only seen in drumming but also in their songs. Burundian gives utmost importance to the family, which is why during their gatherings they have the â€Å"imuyino† songs. Imuyino songs have a short refrain and a strong beat, which usually include improvised verses when sung. On the other hand, another type song, the â€Å"indirimbo† is more passive as compared with the imuyino. The indirimbo is sung by a single singer or a small group. Distinction in the gender roles in their society is also reflected in their music. Men sing the â€Å"kwishongora†, which is a rhythmic song that is characterized with shouts and trills. Women sing the â€Å"bilito†, which is a more sentimental music (Stanford, 2007). Their music shows men as more authoritative and responsible with decision-making while women are more emotional and has the duty of child rearing. Burundian music is also known for its â€Å"whispered singing. † This is sung at a low pitch in order for the accompaniment of the instruments to be heard more. The instruments used in singing are the â€Å"inanga†, a hollow wooden bowl with six to eight strings stretched over it; the â€Å"idono†, a one string fiddle; the â€Å"ikihusehama†, a clarinet-like woodwind; and the â€Å"ikimbe†, a linguaphone (Stanford, 2007). The cultural heritage of Burundi is indeed exceptional due to the fact that it is rooted in their history and it mirrors their values and way of life. Nevertheless, the arts and humanities of the country especially its music and dance have not been given due attention in order for it to flourish more. The current situation of the country that is often plagued with internal conflict among its various tribes, as well as some disagreements with its neighbor countries made life very difficult in Burundi. Arts and humanities have been taken for granted because of more pressing issues like the security and welfare of the Burundian citizens. References Africa Travelling. (2000). Bujumbura – Culture. Retrieved February 10, 2009, from http://www. africatravelling. net/burundi/bujumbura/bujumbura_culture. htm. Maps of World. (2009). Royal Drummers of Burundi. Retrieved February 10, 2009, from http://www. mapsofworld. com/burundi/culture/royal-drummers. html. Stanford, E. (2007). Culture of Burundi. Retrieved February 10, 2009, from http://www. everyculture. com/Bo-Co/Burundi. html. Travel Document Systems. (2009). Burundi Africa: Culture. Retrieved February 10, 2009, from http://www. traveldocs. com/bi/culture. htm.

The American Of The United States - 778 Words

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